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Science | 2023 基于自然解决的气候和生物多样性耦合危机及其社会影响

发布日期:2024-06-06

文章来源:H.-O. Pörtner, R. J. Scholes, A. Arneth, D. K. A. Barnes, M. T. Burrows, S. E. Diamond, C. M. Duarte,W. Kiessling, P. Leadley, S. Managi, P. McElwee, G. Midgley, H. T. Ngo, D. Obura, U. Pascual, M. Sankaran, Y. J. Shin, A. L. Val. (2024). Overcoming the coupled climate and biodiversity crises and their societal impacts. Science: 380, eabl4881. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abl4881.

整理人:徐嘉苗,2021级本科生

整理时间:2024年6月2日



Abstract: Earth’s biodiversity and human societies face pollution, overconsumption of natural resources, urbanization, demographic shifts, social and economic inequalities, and habitat loss, many of which are exacerbated by climate change. Here, we review links among climate, biodiversity, and society and develop a roadmap toward sustainability. These include limiting warming to 1.5°C and effectively conserving and restoring functional ecosystems on 30 to 50% of land, freshwater, and ocean “scapes.” We envision a mosaic of interconnected protected and shared spaces, including intensively used spaces, to strengthen self-sustaining biodiversity, the capacity of people and nature to adapt to and mitigate climate change, and nature’s contributions to people. Fostering interlinked human, ecosystem, and planetary health for a livable future urgently requires bold implementation of transformative policy interventions through interconnected institutions, governance, and social systems from local to global levels.

摘要:地球的生物多样性与人类社会正面临污染、自然资源的过度消耗、城市化、人口结构变化、社会经济不平等及栖息地丧失等诸多挑战,而这些问题大都被气候变化所加剧。在此,我们回顾了气候、生物多样性和社会之间的关联,并制定了一条通往可持续发展道路的蓝图。这包括将全球变暖限制在1.5°C以内,并在30%到50%的陆地、淡水及海洋“景观”中有效保护和恢复功能性的生态系统。我们构想了一个由相互连接的保护区和共享空间组成的马赛克图景,其中包括高强度使用的空间,旨在强化自维持生物多样性、提升人类与自然适应及缓解气候变化的能力,以及维护自然对人类的贡献。为了构建一个宜居的未来,迫切需要通过从地方到全球层面的互联机构、治理和社会体系,大胆实施变革性政策干预,以促进人类、生态系统及地球健康的相互联系。

气候、生物多样性和人类社会通过跨尺度的动态互动相互关联

海洋物种丰富度的纬度变化(23门12796种)说明物种对全球变暖的反应

陆地、淡水和海洋生物群落的多功能连接、结构和明显不同的景观

社会生态系统中生物多样性-气候相互作用



原文链接:https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abl4881 

节选转引:https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/C4CnR1jxc9DWky9QFQEo8A 


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