文章信息：Marta Cimatti, Rebecca Chaplin-Kramer & Moreno Di Marco (2023). The role of high-biodiversity regions in preserving Nature' s Contributions to People. Nature Sustainability, 6: 1385-1393. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-023-01179-5.
整理人：徐嘉苗，2021级本科生
整理时间：2024年5月5日
Abstract: Increasing human pressures are driving a global loss of biodiversity and of Nature’s Contributions to People (NCP)—the contributions of living nature to people’s quality of life. Understanding the spatial relationship between biodiversity and NCP is essential for securing Earth’s life support systems. Here we estimate the importance of high-biodiversity regions in maintaining the provision of three NCP under four scenarios of climate change. We focus on critical regulatory NCP which are currently facing decline: regulation of air quality, climate and freshwater quantity. We estimate the current and future value of NCP using a suite of environmental indicators and evaluate whether risk from environmental change is higher or lower within high-biodiversity regions compared with control regions. We find higher levels of NCP within high-biodiversity regions both in the present and the future for all indicators, which highlights the spatial congruence between biodiversity and NCP. Moreover, air quality and climate regulation indicators show rapidly increasing levels within high-biodiversity regions, especially under higher-emission scenarios. Our results point to a substantial contribution of high-biodiversity areas to the provision of NCP. Protecting areas of high biodiversity value will synergistically contribute to the preservation of many of nature’s contributions humanity depends on.
摘要：不断增加的人类压力正在导致全球生物多样性和自然对人类的贡献(NCP)-活跃的自然对人类生活质量的贡献的丧失。了解生物多样性与NCP之间的空间关系对于确保地球生命支持系统的安全至关重要。在此，我们估计了高生物多样性区域在四种气候变化情景下维持三种NCP供应的重要性。我们专注于目前面临下降的关键监管NCP:空气质量、气候和淡水数量的调节。我们使用一套环境指标来估计NCP的当前和未来价值，并评估高生物多样性区域的环境变化风险比控制区高还是低。在高生物多样性地区，所有指标的当前和未来NCP水平都较高，这表明生物多样性与NCP之间存在空间一致性。此外，空气质量和气候调节指标显示，在生物多样性高的地区，特别是在高排放情景下，空气质量和气候调节指标迅速上升。我们的研究结果表明，高生物多样性地区对NCP的提供做出了重大贡献。保护生物多样性价值高的地区将协同促进保护人类所依赖的许多自然贡献。
图 1985-2014年基线期与未来2041-2070年SSP5-8.5情景下10公里分辨率的NCP值变化预测。
注：a. NCP3，以叶面积指数(LAI,m2m-2)表示；b. NCP4，以植被碳含量(cVeg, kgm-2)表示；c. NCP6，以水分供应量(WA, mm per month)表示。不透明区域表示生物多样性保护优先级前10%以外的区域。
图 基线期和不同未来情景下三种NCP全球平均水平的柱状图
注：颜色较深为前10%高生物多样性地区的NCP指标；颜色较浅为对照地区的NCP指标
原文链接：https://www.nature.com/articles/s41893-023-01179-5
节选转引：https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/QHzNb4YLS-ECdu08w8KBjw
